Ball of Foot pain is not just limited to women wearing heels. It can also occur in men and women who when wearing normal flat shoes. Metatarsalgia is often described by sufferers as a sharp or burning pain under the balls of the feet. Sometimes pain is present in the area around the second, third or fourth toes. The pain gets worse when you stand, walk or run and improves with resting. Some people experience a feeling under the foot as if they're walking with a pebble in their shoe. Walking barefoot is often too painful.
There are a number of causes for this type of foot pain: for example, intense sporting activities such as running. Also walking or standing for long periods in hard shoes and boots may cause pain in the balls of the feet. Ball of foot pain is therefore quite common in people employed with the police, military, security, farming, teaching etc. Being overweight is also a factor, as it places excessive pressure on the feet.
However, biomechanical research has shown that the most common cause for Metatarsalgia is a condition called excessive pronation or over-pronation. This is the collapsing of the arches and rolling inwards of the ankles.
To understand the problem of over-pronation, let's first take a look at the anatomy of the human foot...
Our feet consist of 26 bones, held together through a web of muscles and ligaments. The foot is not flat on the ground but is held up in the middle forming two arches: the Longitudinal arch (or instep) running along the foot from the heel to the toes and the Transverse arch which runs across the foot.
Five metatarsal bones run from the middle of the foot to your toe joints. Over-pronation means the longtudinal arch collapses and the ankle joint rolls inwards every time the foot lands on the ground. A common side-effect of overpronation is excess pressure on the metatarsals, which in turn leads to lowering (or collapsing) of the Transverse arch. The forefoot structure is severely weakened, causing pain in the ball of the foot and inflammation at the metatarsal joints.